Glossary

There are 185 entries in this glossary.
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Term Definition
Caf‚ au Lait

Hyperpigmented lesions that may vary in color from light brown to dark brown; the name of the condition means 'coffee with milk.' The borders may be smooth or irregular.

Capillary Hemangioma (strawberry)

Most common variant of hemangioma; appears as a raised, red, lumpy area of flesh anywhere on the body, though 83% occur on the head or neck area.

Cellulitis

Infection of the deeper layers of the skin, usually caused by the group A streptococcus bacteria.

Cheek Bone

Forms part of the eye socket,both protecting the eyeball and supporting it from below.

Chiari Malformation

Congenital condition in which the base of the skull and the upper spinal area are not formed properly or part of the back of the brain shifts downward through the bottom of the skull area.

Chromosome analysis (karyotype)

Test to examine chromosomes in a sample of cells, which can help identify genetic problems as the cause of a disorder or disease.

Coagulation Disorder (hemophilia and Von Willebrand disease)

Blood condition in which the blood does not clot properly.

Coarctation of the Aorta

Narrowing of the aorta that makes if difficult for blood flow to reach the rest of the body.

Collar bone

Bone located between the rib cage (sternum) and the shoulder blade (scapula); connects the arm to the body.

Colonoscopy

A procedure used to see inside the colon and rectum; can detect inflamed tissue, ulcers, and abnormal growths; used to look for early signs of colorectal cancer and can help doctors diagnose unexplained changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain, bleeding fr

Congenital heart defect

A problem with the structure of the heart that are present at birth; the most common type of major birth defect.

CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure)

Therapy that uses a machine to help a person who has obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) breathe more easily during sleep; increases air pressure in your throat so that your airway does not collapse when you breathe in.

CT (Computed Tomography) Scan

A medical imaging method employing tomography created by computer processing; a three dimentional image of the inside of an object is generated from a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation.

Cyanosis

Bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood.